If your healthcare provider has recommended a Pap smear, it’s completely normal to have questions or even feel nervous. For many people, pap smears can feel intimidating, especially if it’s your first one. Knowing what to expect can help you feel more prepared and in control of your appointment.
What is a Pap Smear?
A pap smear, also known as a pap test, is a screening that checks for changes in the cells of the cervix that could become cervical cancer over time. It can also help healthcare providers identify signs of certain infections or inflammation.
Pap smears are an important part of preventive healthcare for people with a cervix. Your healthcare provider can let you know when it’s recommended for you based on age, medical history, and risk factors.
How can I Prepare for my Appointment?
There isn’t a lot you need to do before your Pap smear, but these tips can help make the test more accurate and comfortable.
For 24-48 hours before your appointment, try to avoid:
- Douching
- Having vaginal sex
- Using lubricants inside the vagina
- Using vaginal creams or medications (unless your provider tells you to)
It can also help to wear comfortable clothing that’s easy to change in and out of. If you’re worried about cramping or discomfort, you can ask your healthcare provider whether taking an over-the-counter pain reliver like ibuprofen before your appointment is right for you.
Know Your Rights During the Exam
Your healthcare provider should always explain what they’re doing and ask for permission before beginning the exam.
You have the right to:
- Ask questions before or during the appointment
- Tell your provider if you’d like them to slow down
- Ask for lubricant if you’re uncomfortable
- Request a different sized speculum if available
- Pause or stop the exam at any time
- Share your name, pronouns, and the words you use for your body so your provider can mirror the same language.
Your comfort is important and a good healthcare provider will work with you to make the experience as comfortable as possible.
What Happens During a Pap Smear?
A Pap smear usually only takes a few minutes. Here’s what you can expect:
- A speculum is inserted
Your provider will gently insert a plastic or metal instrument called a speculum into the vagina so they can see the cervix. You may feel pressure or mild cramping while the speculum is being opened, but the experience is different for everyone.
- A cell sample is collected
Your provider will use a small brush or soft swab to collect a sample of cells from your cervix. This part is usually very quick and may feel like light pressure or a brief cramp. The sample is then sent to a lab for testing.
- You may also have a bimanual exam
Sometimes your provider may recommend a bimanual exam during the same appointment. This involves placing one or two gloved fingers inside the vagina while gently pressing on your lower abdomen from the outside to check the uterus and ovaries.
Not everyone will have this exam, so feel free to ask your provider whether it’s necessary and why it’s being recommended.
Tips for Feeling Less Nervous
It’s completely okay to feel anxious before a Pap smear, especially if it’s your first one or you’ve had uncomfortable medical experiences in the past.
Here are a few things:
- Practice slow breathing or grounding exercises before your appointment
- Listen to music, a podcast, or an audiobook with earphones during the exam if your provider is okay with it
- Ask for the smallest speculum that’s appropriate for your body
- Let your provider know if you’ve experienced pain or have had a traumatic experience so they can better support you
- Bring a trusted friend or support person if your clinic allows it
Can I Stop the Exam?
Yes. Even if you’ve already started the appointment, you can ask to pause or stop the exam at any point. If you’re not ready during your appointment that’s okay. You and your healthcare provider can talk about your options, discuss your health needs, and decide together when or if you would like to try again.