There’s a ton of information about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and it can feel overwhelming.
First let’s start with language. STI vs STD: What is the difference?
You’ve probably heard both terms. STI (sexually transmitted infection) is the infection itself. STD (sexually transmitted disease) is when the infection causes symptoms. But essentially, they are both the same.
Most people use STI because many infections don’t show symptoms at all.
Why does testing matter?
You can have an STI and not know it. The most common symptom of an STI is no symptom at all. Testing helps:
- Catch infections early
- Get treatment if needed
- Protect yourself and partner(s)
How often should you get tested?
There’s no one size fits all routine. It depends on your situation and potential exposure. Some general guidelines if someone is sexually active:
- Every 3-6 months
- Before every new partner(s)
- If you’re unsure of your status or are experiencing symptoms
Getting tested is the only way to know if you have an STI.
What are STI tests like?
Testing is usually quick and way less scary than people think. Different STIs require different tests:
- Swab (mouth, genitals, or rectum)
- Used for infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea, or herpes
- Blood tests
- Used for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis
- Urine tests
- Common for chlamydia and sometimes gonorrhea
- Physical examination
- A provider may check for sores, rashes, or other symptoms
You might only need one type or a combination depending on your needs.
At home STI tests usually include:
- Step by step instructions
- Tools to collect your sample (like a swab, urine, or small blood sample)
- A way to send it to a lab
Results often come back in about a week. Just make sure to follow the directions carefully so your results are accurate. Telehealth is also an option.
What if you test positive?
First: you’re not alone.
Many STIs are treatable, and some are curable. People with STIs still have healthy relationships and fruitful lives. Getting tested gives you information and that means you can learn more about your body and your rights.
Where can you get tested?
You’ve got options. Community clinics and health centers are available in the community. As a minor in CA, you have the right to ask your doctor for STI tests confidentially. If you need support to find a clinic near you use our clinic finder. Many clinics offer free and confidential services. Knowing your status helps you stay informed and show up for yourself.